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定语从句ppt课件?如何区分英语四大从句.ppt

2025-01-13 10:11:10

首先要清楚的了解句子的成分,即在句子中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等,举个例子:we are Chinese,we是主语,are是表语,Chinese是宾语。这是简单的句子,主语表语宾语都是只有一个词,而所谓的从句就是句子的某个成分由短语或句子构成,这个短语或句子在句子中属于什么成分,它就是什么从句,举个例子:That light travels in straight lines is known to all (众所周知,光沿直线运动)That light travels in straight lines在句子中做主语,所以这个句子是主语从句。(我是这样理解的)

从句有名词性从句、形容词性从句、副词性从句(我就学过这三种)。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。形容词性从句即定语从句。副词性从句即状语从句。个人觉得只要弄清句子成分就可以很好判断出从句类型。

求一个初中英语关于定语从句讲解的课件···感谢呀

初中英语百度云网盘资源下载地址

链接:

?pwd=1234 提取码:1234

介绍:资源包含各类型初中名师网课,课外辅导、初中中考冲刺、教材、复习文档、学习视频等等资源包罗万象。

名词性从句和定语从句的区别课件

一个是词性,一个是句子成分,都不是一个东西,没有可比性。定语从句可以是名词性或者形容词性的。举两个例子学生就懂了。同时可以讲解一下定语从句和同位语从句(同位语从句是名词性从句)的区别

详细的定语从句讲解

内容提要

定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。

一、 限定性定语从句

1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置

2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢

3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略

4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句

6. when引导定语从句表示时间

〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.

I still remember the first time I met her.

Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.

7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格

8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导

二、非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分

2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。

3. 有时as也可用作关系代词

4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物

三、定语从句结构错误

1. 缺关系词

2. 从句中缺成分

摘自《简明英语语法》

在英文中,有两种定语从句:限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别:

限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性;有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如:

Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .

为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展,热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。

Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.

洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。

They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.

他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。

非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开;它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外,非限定性定语从句在中文译文里,我们往往将其作为一个分句处理,而不把它作定语翻译。 例如:Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .

(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。)

更早之前,巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图,但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。

The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center .

(此句中,三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词:satellites ,computers和television进行补充、说明。如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句,那么句子可简化为:

The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .)卫星能传输信息,计算机能储存信息,电视能显示信息,把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心。

The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成"一件事情)。太阳给予大地热,这就使植物的生长成为可能。

The old man has a son , who is in the army .(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明。但本句所传达的信息是:"这位老人只有一个儿子" 。如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句:

The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。那么,限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰。这样一来,句子所传达的信息就变成了:"这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作,还有其他的儿子在干别的工作"。)那位老人有一个儿子,他在部队工作。

定语从句公开课教案

定语从句公开课教案 篇1

Teaching Aims:(教学目的)

1、初步了解定语从句的概念、结构。

2、初步学习并掌握定语从句的规则,尤其是关系代词『who,which,that以及whose』的用法。

Teaching Points:(教学重点)

1.定语从句三要素及关系词的选用

2.只能that或which的情况;

Teaching Methods:(教学方法)

1、举例讲解,说明定语从句的用法。

2、以讲练结合的方法加深学生印象。

Teaching Steps:(教学步骤)

Step1.导入

一、定语及定语从句的概念:

a beautiful girl a handsome boy a clever child

1、 定语是用来修饰名次或代词的。

This is the boy who is clever.

2、定语从句(Attributive Clauses)定义:在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 定语从句的特点:

定语从句

的引导词关系代词where (地点状语)关系副词

when (时间状语)

why (原因状语)

Step2:详细讲解定语从句语法知识

1、who和whom指人,在从句中分别做主语和宾语,做宾语时可被省略。

the handsome

the tall

the strong boy The boy is Tom.

the clever

the naughty

The boy is Tom.

2、which指物,在从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可被省略。

3、that既可指人也可指物,在从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可被省略。

4、whose作定语,用来表示先行词和从句主语之间的所属关系。

Step3 定语从句考查重点:

定语从句在下列情况下只能用that,而不能用which指物。(指人时可以用who/whom)

1. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:

2. 当先行词是不定代词everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如:

3. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:

4. 当先行词被表示“正是”的the very, the only修饰时。如:

5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:

6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如:

Step 4 Summary:(小结) 注意 关系词的实质:

Step 5 Practices(homework):

Part 1.结合课文例句,找出先行词和关系词

1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that nigh.

2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away.

3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.

4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.

6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

Part2 名言名句欣赏

1. He laughs best who laughs last.

2. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.

3. He that gains time gains all things.

4. He who nothing questions, nothing learns.

5. He that cannot ask cannot live.

6. A friend is someone who knows all about you and still loves you.

7. God helps those who help themselves.

8. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man

9. He who does not advance loses ground.

Part3 practice

1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother?

A. who B. which C. whose D. /

2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom

A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C

3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake.

A. who B. that C. which D. A and B

4. This is the only present _____ I like.

A. who B. that C. which D. B and C

5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen.

A. which B. who C. where D. /

6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money.

A. that B. which C. who D. what

7. Is there anything else _____ you need?

A. which B. that C. who D. what

8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here.

A. where B. which C. what D. who

9. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives.

A. when B. who C. how D. which

10. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s brother.

A. which B. whose C. when D. /

11. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman.

A. which B. that C. it D. whom

12. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago?

A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that

二、用适当的关系代词填空

1. Do you like the present _______ I bought you yesterday?

2. The storybook _______ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.

3. The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needs your help.

4. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year.

5. The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.

6. The passengers and the suitcases _____ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.

7. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with?

8. This is the last lesson _______ Mr. Smith taught us.

9. I, _____ am your friend, will help you out.

10. The building ___________ wall is white is my uncle’s house.

11. The boy _______ John spoke with is my brother.

12. Will you please lend me the very picture _________ you bought yesterday?

13. The students ________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.

14. The season _________ comes after spring is summer.

15. This is the first museum __________ we visited last Saturday.

16. The girl ________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital.

17. I found some photos of interesting places _________ were not far away from our city.

18. There is a boy downstairs _________ want to see you.

19. The river ________ banks are covered with trees is very long.

20. I’m going to meet Tom ______ they say is a good boy.

定语从句公开课教案 篇2

一、所需课件: 一课时

学习内容:定语从句中关系代词who, whom ,which ,that ,as的用法。

定语从句是一个很重要的语法项目,为以后的英语学习打下坚定的基础,也是初高考出现频率较高的考点。

二.教学目标分析

知识与目标分析

知识与技能目标:帮助学生掌握关系代词who, whom, which, that, as 的用法,丰富学生的语法知识,形成独立的学习能力,能够运用这些知识去解决定语从句的习题。

过程与方法目标:让学生主动参与感知——积累——理解关系代词的过程,让学生学会关系代词的用法,学会探究解决问题。

情感态度价值观目标:让学生体验到学习定语从句的乐趣。

三.学习者特征分析

初中生刚刚接触与从句,对句子结构认识不够清楚,但是这部分内容很重要,有助于学生完善整个英语语法知识结构。

四.教学策略选择与设计

本课题主要采用启发式教学策略,合作学习,探究学习的策略,在教学中,创设问题情景,以小组为单位进行讨论,合作学习,得出结论。

五.教学资源与工具设计

多媒体教室 计算机 PPT课件

六、教学过程

第一步:复习(检查作业)

第二步:导入

Marry is a beautiful girl.

Marry is a girl who has long hair.

……(讨论句子特征 )

老师总结:什么是定语从句,先行词,引出定语从句由关系代词,关系副词来引导。

第三步:介绍引导定语从句的关系代词。

第四步:详细介绍这些关系代词的用法。

第五步:习题(加深印象)

第六步:课后总结

第七步:布置作业

七、教学评价设计

创建量规,向学生展示他们将被如何评价(来自教师和小组其他成员的评价)。另外,可以创建一个自我评价表,这样学生可以用它对自己的学习进行评价。

八、帮助和总结

教师以启发诱导的方式向学生提供帮助和指导,针对不同的'学习间断的学生采取不同的`帮助和指导,之处不同水平的要求,给予不同的帮助。对于学习能力强的可以以暗示的方式进行指示,对学习能力差的学生可以通过逐步深入的方式进行讨论。

在学习结束后,对学生的学习做出简单的总结,可以布置一些练习题,以强化学习效果。

【拓展内容】

定语从句关系分类

关系从句有限制性关系从句(英语:restrictive relative clause或defining relative clause)和非限制性关系从句(英语:non-restrictive relative clause)之分。限制性关系从句起限定作用,修饰特定的名词或名词短语;而非限制性关系从句只起补充说明某种信息的作用。

例如:The government which promises to cut taxes will be popular.(限制性关系从句,指任何一个减税的政府)

The government, which promises to cut taxes, will be popular. (非限制性关系从句,补充说明(现任的)政府的情况)

There were very few passengers who escaped without serious injury. (限制性关系从句,指逃出来的乘客大多受了伤)

There were very few passengers, who escaped without serious injury. (非限制性关系从句,指游客人数本来就很少,这些游客都逃了出来且没有受伤)

限制性关系从句

从语义上看,限制性关系从句主要起限定作用,修饰特定的人或事物,如果去掉限制性定语从句,整个句子表意会不完整甚至不通顺;从结构上看,限制性关系从句常紧跟先行词,并且同先行词之间一般不加逗号分隔(但不是绝对的)。

限制性关系从句的关系词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose, as, than等。

非限制性关系从句

从语义上看,非限制性关系从句主要起补充说明的作用,有时相当于一个并列分句或状语从句,可以表达原因、目的、结果、条件、让步等意义。

例如:Dr Lee, who had read through the instructions carefully before doing his experiments, did not obtain satisfactory results. (非限制性关系从句表示让步的意义,相当于though Dr Lee had read through the instructions...)

非限制性定语从句的关系词包括:which, who, whom, whose, as等,另外that在非限制性关系从句中并非绝对不可使用。

关系选择

关系词包括关系代词(英语:relative pronoun)、关系副词(英语:relative adverb)和关系限定词(英语:relative determiner)。关系词的选择主要涉及以下因素:

1.先行词是人还是事物;

2.关系词在关系从句中的句法功能;

3.关系从句是限制性的还是非限制性的;

4.是口语还是书面语。

特殊的关系从句

名词性关系从句

名词性关系从句(英语:nominal relative clause)又叫自由关系从句(英语:free relative clause),名词性关系从句在结构上不含有先行词,它的关系词同时扮演了关系词和先行词的角色,因此名词性关系从句的关系词又叫缩合连接代词。例如:

I like what I see.(“what I see”是名词性关系从句,它没有先行词,与此同时缩合连接代词“what”又直接充当了“like”的宾语。)

缩合连接代词“what”可以根据语义解释为“the thing(s) that”或“the person(s) that”。

嵌入式关系从句

嵌入式关系从句(英语:embedded relative clause)是一种较复杂的关系从句,它既是先行词的后置定语,又是另一结构的宾语。

例如:She has an adopted child who she says was an orphan. (关系从句修饰“an adopted child",同时又是“she says”的宾语)

双重关系从句

双重关系从句(英语:double relative clause)是指两个关系从句修饰同一个先行词的语法现象。

例如:You can easily find us;just look for a house whose windows need washing and whose fence needs repairing!

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